Allergens
invade the body in different ways, seeking various "target
tissues." We inhale pollens and mold spores in the air we breathe.
We ingest foods and drink that trigger allergic responses. Allergens
can be absorbed through the skin by touch. Some allergens enter
the body through injection. Drugs, like penicillin, and venom from
some insects often cause allergic reactions.
The body’s immune system automatically
produces antibodies for protection. If you are hypersensitive, your
immune system is likely to overreact, causing excess production
of IgE antibodies. Excess IgE antibodies seek out and attach themselves
to the surface of certain cells in blood and other tissues. There
they remain "on call," ready to be activated whenever
the body encounters the offending allergen. Once activated, IgE
antibodies cause the release of inflammatory compounds like histamine
which, in turn, produce allergy symptoms.
- Nose – Nasal itching, congestion,
sneezing, post-nasal drip, watery discharge – commonly associated
with "hay fever" or allergic rhinitis.
- Eyes – Itching, redness, swelling,
tearing and other conjuctivitis symptoms.
- Ears – Fluid in middle ear, recurrent
infections.
- Lungs – Asthmatic symptoms such
as shortness of breath, wheezing, tightness in the chest, coughing.
- Skin (including lips, inside of mouth/ears)
– Itchy welts or "hives" (urticaria) of varying
sizes.
- Skin (contact dermatitis) – Blistery
rash, intense itching.
- Skin (eczema) – Dry, itchy rash.
- Digestive tract – Stomach cramps,
vomiting, diarrhea (associated with food allergy).
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